Justia Kansas Supreme Court Opinion Summaries

The Supreme Court affirmed the decision of the court of appeals affirming the district court's summary denial of Defendant's second Kan. Stat. Ann. 60-1507 motion, holding that the court of appeals did not err in holding that counsel was not required to be appointed and that the district court did not err in finding that exceptional circumstances did not exist that would excuse Defendant's failure to make his claims in his first section 60-1507 motion.Specifically, the Court held (1) the district court did not violate Defendant's due process rights when it failed to appoint counsel to represent Defendant after requesting and receiving the State's response to Defendant's pro se motion; and (2) Defendant was not entitled to an evidentiary hearing on his motion because no exceptions existed that would permit his untimely and successive filing. View "Thuko v. State" on Justia Law

The Supreme Court affirmed the decision of the court of appeals affirming the district court's summary denial of Defendant's Kan. Stat. Ann. 60-1507 motion but reversed the district court's imposition of a filing fee as a condition precedent to accepting Defendant's "motion for summary disposition," holding that summary denial of Defendant's motion was appropriate but that the district court's imposition of the filing fee was erroneous.Specifically, the Court held (1) the procedure employed by the district court in adopting the State's response as its findings did not deny Defendant due process; (2) the failure to appoint counsel to represent Defendant was not erroneous because the district court did not find substantial issues of law or triable issues of fact and did not conduct a hearing at which the State was represented; (3) the court of appeals properly determined that each of the substantive claims raised in Defendant's section 60-1507 motion did not warrant relief; and (4) the district court's imposition of the $195 filing fee for the dispositive motion was erroneous because Defendant had filed a poverty affidavit pursuant to Kan. Stat. Ann. 60-2001. View "Breedlove v. State" on Justia Law

The Supreme Court affirmed the decision of the court of appeals affirming the district court's summary denial of Defendant's Kan. Stat. Ann. 60-1507 motion, holding that summary denial of the section 60-1507 motion was appropriate in this case.On appeal, the court of appeals concluded that the district court erred in elying upon the State attorney's written response to Defendant's pro se motion without first appointing counsel for Defendant but that the error was harmless because the record conclusively established the Defendant was not entitled to relief. The Supreme Court affirmed while disagreeing with the court of appeals' resolution of the right to counsel issue, holding (1) the State's filing of a written response, standing alone, did not trigger Defendant's statutory right to counsel; and (2) the substantive claims Defendant raised in his section 60-1507 motion did not warrant relief. View "Stewart v. State" on Justia Law

The Supreme Court affirmed the decision of the court of appeals affirming the judgment of the district court summarily denying Defendant's fourth Kan. Stat. Ann. 60-1507 motion, holding that there was no error in the proceedings below.The district court summarily denied Defendant's fourth motion as untimely, successive, and an abuse of remedy. The court of appeals affirmed, holding that Defendant's motion was barred as successive and an abuse of remedy because Defendant failed to show exceptional circumstances allowing him to raise his claims in his fourth section 60-1507 motion. The Supreme Court affirmed, holding (1) the failure to appoint counsel for Defendant did not violate his due process rights; and (2) the court of appeals did not err in affirming the district court's finding that Defendant failed to establish exceptional circumstances to permit a merits review of his successive section 60-1507 motion. View "Dawson v. State" on Justia Law

The Supreme Court affirmed the decision of the court of appeals affirming the district court's summary denial of Defendant's motion to correct an illegal sentence, holding that the lower courts did not err or abuse their discretion.Specifically, the Court held (1) the district court's construing Defendant's motion consistent with its form and the substance of its content, rather than as a Kan. Stat. Ann. 60-1507 motion, was not in error; (2) the district court followed proper statutory procedures for imposing a departure sentence, and therefore, Defendant's sentence was not illegal; and (3) the district court did not err by summarily denying the motion without appointment of counsel for Defendant. View "State v. Redding" on Justia Law

In this consolidated appeal, the Supreme Court affirmed the decision of the court of appeals affirming the judgment of the district court summarily denying Defendant's motion to be discharged from custody, filed in his underlying criminal case, and Defendant's civil Kan. Stat. Ann. 60-1507 motion, holding that the lower courts did not err in denying relief.On appeal, Defendant did not dispute the court of appeals' findings with respect to the district court's denial of his motion to be discharged from custody in his underlying criminal case. With respect to the denial of his section 60-1507 motion, Defendant argued that he should be able to argue certain exceptions warranted review of his untimely and successive motion. The Supreme Court affirmed, holding that the district court did not err in summarily denying Defendant's section 60-1507 motion as untimely and successive. View "State v. Roberts" on Justia Law

The Supreme Court affirmed the decision of the court of appeals affirming the judgment of the district court denying Defendant's 2014 motion to correct an allegedly illegal sentence imposed twenty years earlier, holding that Defendant's 1991 New Mexico juvenile conviction for burglary as a person felony was legal when pronounced and was final before the change in the law upon which he relied to establish the illegality of his sentence.In his petition, Defendant argued that the Supreme Court's holding in State v. Dickey, 350 P.3d 1054 (Kan. 2015) (Dickey I), should be retroactively applied to his 1994 sentence, making it a nonperson felony. The district court denied the motion. The court of appeals affirmed, determining that because Defendant's sentence was final nearly four years before Apprendi v. New Jersy, 530 U.S. 466 (2000), was decided, Dickey I and State v. Dickey, 380 P.3d 230 (Kan. 2016) (Dickey II), did not apply to him. The Supreme Court affirmed, holding that Defendant could not avail himself of Apprendi, which was a subsequent change in the law for purposes of a motion to correct an illegal sentence. View "State v. Tauer" on Justia Law

The Supreme Court affirmed Defendant's convictions for first-degree premeditated murder and criminal possession of a firearm, holding that, while certain errors occurred in Defendant's case, the errors were not reversible, either standing alone or cumulatively.Specifically, the Court held (1) the district judge erred in refusing to instruct the jury on reckless second-degree murder and reckless involuntary manslaughter, but the errors were harmless; (2) the district judge erred in refusing to instruct the jury on imperfect self-defense involuntary manslaughter, but the error was harmless; (3) the district judge did not err by failing to instruct the jury to consider lesser included crimes simultaneously; (4) the district judge did not err by admitting autopsy photographs into evidence; (5) the prosecutor erred in describing a car as stolen, but the error was harmless; (6) any assumed error arising from Defendant's absence from continuance hearings would be reversible; and (7) Defendant was not entitled to reversal of his convictions under the cumulative error doctrine. View "State v. James" on Justia Law

The Supreme Court affirmed in part and reversed in part the decision of the court of appeals remanding Defendant's case for a jury trial on whether a firearm sentence enhancement was appropriate and vacated Defendant's sentence after he pled no contest to drug offenses, holding that the district court must reconsider its decision classifying a prior Florida battery conviction as a person felony and that the resentencing should proceed without the firearm enhancement.The court of appeals concluded that the district court properly calculated Defendant's criminal history score but held that Defendant invalidly waived his right to a jury trial on the firearm enhancement. The Supreme Court vacated the sentences and remanded the case for resentencing, holding (1) applying the clarified standard of review in State v. Wetrich, 412 P.3d 984 (Kan. 2018), the district court erred in classifying Defendant's Florida battery conviction as a person crime; and (2) the court of appeals erred by remanding Defendant's case for a jury to determine if the firearm enhancement should apply. View "State v. Obregon" on Justia Law

The Supreme Court affirmed in part and reversed in part the decision of a majority of the court of appeals panel reversing in part and affirming in part the district court's decision on Defendant's motion to suppress evidence, holding that neither Defendant's pre-Miranda statement nor his post-Miranda statement were admissible in evidence.The district court found admissible Defendant's pre-Miranda statement that he had marijuana on his person but suppressed Defendant's pre-Miranda statement that he had marijuana in his car. The district court also ruled that Defendant's post-Miranda statements were admissible because at that point Defendant had voluntarily waived his rights. The court then ruled that Defendant's pre-Miranda statement about the marijuana on his person was admissible and that the doctrines of plain view and inevitable discovery applied to the evidence in Defendant's car. The court of appeals set aside Defendant's convictions and ordered a new trial, holding that the district court erred in denying Defendant's motion to suppress his post-Miranda statement as coerced. The Supreme Court reversed in part, holding (1) the pre-Miranda statement Defendant made surrounding his initial pat-down was not admissible as evidence because he was being interrogated in custody at the time; and (2) Defendant's post-Miranda statement was inadmissible due to implied physical violence toward Defendant. View "State v. Guein" on Justia Law